{"id":425,"date":"2024-08-15T08:04:46","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T08:04:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/?p=425"},"modified":"2024-08-15T08:04:46","modified_gmt":"2024-08-15T08:04:46","slug":"chu-ky-so-khai-niem-cach-hoat-dong-va-ung-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/?p=425","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1eef K\u00fd S\u1ed1: Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m, C\u00e1ch Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 (Digital Signature) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng giao d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, gi\u00fap x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n

2. Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 (private key) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai (public key) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

3. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai (Public Key Infrastructure – PKI). D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1:<\/p>\n

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  • B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u1ea1o kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 (private key) v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai (public key). Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt, trong khi kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb c\u00f4ng khai.<\/li>\n
  • B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1:<\/strong> Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng mu\u1ed1n k\u00fd m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u1ed9i dung t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1.<\/li>\n
  • B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: X\u00e1c minh ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1. N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \"An<\/p>\n

    4. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh v\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/p>\n

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    • B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao:<\/strong> Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n
    • X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh:<\/strong> Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c minh danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/li>\n
    • Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong> V\u1edbi ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1, c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n in \u1ea5n ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
    • T\u00ednh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd:<\/strong> \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1eef k\u00fd tay trong c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      5. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/h4>\n

      Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

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      • Giao d\u1ecbch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh:<\/strong> Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn giao d\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n
      • Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/strong> C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n
      • Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/strong> Trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
      • Email v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/strong> Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 email v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/li>\n
      • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        6. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n

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        • \u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c (CA – Certificate Authority).<\/li>\n
        • C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m k\u00fd s\u1ed1:<\/strong> Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m k\u00fd s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1.<\/li>\n
        • K\u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00fd s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 quan li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n
        • X\u00e1c minh ch\u1eef k\u00fd:<\/strong> Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u00fd s\u1ed1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh ch\u1eef k\u00fd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          7. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/h4>\n

          M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n

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          • Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PKI.<\/li>\n
          • Chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh chi ph\u00ed, bao g\u1ed3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
          • S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            8. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/h4>\n

            Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 blockchain, ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh phi t\u1eadp trung, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n

            9. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h4>\n

            Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 (Digital Signature) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng giao d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":426,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/425"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=425"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/425\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":427,"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/425\/revisions\/427"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/426"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=425"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banquyen.karogroup.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}